A Bibliography of Scholarly Studies of J. R. R. Tolkien and His Works
(Through 2000)
Compiled and edited by:
Michael D.C. Drout
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Hilary Wynne Laura Kalafarski Lorien Hallama Melissa Hogan |
Melissa Higgins Stefanie Olsen Maggie Spaziano Beth Affanato |
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This bibliography is based upon the published article: Drout, Michael D.C., Hilary Wynne and Melissa Higgins. "Scholarly Studies of J.R.R. Tolkien and His Work (In English): 1984-2000." Envoi 9.2 (Fall 2000), 135-65(Web "pre-print" at http://members.aol.com/ENVOIjrnl). It is intended to augment two previously published bibliographies of Tolkien scholarship, Richard C. West’s Tolkien Criticism: An Annotated Checklist and Judith Johnson’s J. R. R. Tolkien: Six Decades of Criticism, which between them collect Tolkien scholarship from its origins until 1984. We believe we have collected citations for all Tolkien criticism from 1984 through the end of 2000, although it is quite possible that we have missed items (corrections and additions can be sent to: tolkienstudies@wheatoncollege.edu). Currently the editors have decided to omit articles found in newsletter-type publications, newspapers, and non-scholarly periodicals. We therefore have left out works appearing in Amon Hen, The Minas Tirith Evening Star, Lembas Extra and Beyond Bree, although we have made a few exceptions for newsletter articles that are of exceptional scholarly interest (in particular a few articles in The Tolkien Collector that provide essential addenda and corrigenda to important research tools). A bibliography of all the Tolkien-related newsletter publications is being developed, as well as a list of all theses and dissertations on Tolkien, and this list will (soon, we hope) be available here. We have also decided to exclude material from the journals of Elvish linguistics, Vinyar Tengwar and Parma Eldalamberon, as being beyond both our expertise and the scope of this bibliography. Eventually this page will link to an interface that will allow researchers to use the databases of the Tolkien Research Group. But there are still technical complications with such an interface, and so in the meanwhile we have decided to post the bibliography as an .html document on the web. Note that there are two sections to the bibliography: a main bibliography, and a separate section devoted to articles from Mallorn and from Mythlore (before its change to a more scholarly format). In compiling this bibliography we have discovered that there are many minor errors in bibliographic materials (such as the MLA database) and in the citations of works in other scholarship. We have silently corrected these errors (mostly misspellings of character names), and we have also silently corrected the many misspellings of "Middle-earth," since it was not always clear if these errors came from an original source or had arisen in subsequent bibliographic references. In fact, in several cases "Middle-earth" was spelled differently in the title of an article and in that article’s appearance in the table of contents in the journal in which it was published, and in another case it was misspelled in the title but not the body of the article. Authors using this bibliography for Interlibrary Loan requests or for on-line searches should try the various permutations of "Middle-earth" (i.e., "Middle Earth," "Middle-Earth"). We have likewise silently corrected accent marks. Thus when electronically searching for articles that might included Tolkienian proper-names, scholars should search for both accented and unaccented forms (i.e., "Lorien" and "Lórien"). The editors wish to thank the Mars Foundation, Wheaton College’s Committee on Faculty Scholarship, the Wheaton Research Partners Program, Provost Susanne Woods, the Madeline Clark Wallace Library Interlibrary Loan staff, Gergely Nagy, Douglas A. Anderson, Verlyn Flieger, Brenda Molden, Lori Agan, James Eberhart, Kate Malone, Shawn McKee, Christopher Scotti, John Walsh, Beth Affanato, Melissa Hogan, Maggie Spaziano and Marilyn Todesco for their support for (and sometimes work on) this project. |
This page last updated on June 6, 2002
Main Bibliography
Adderley, C. M. "Meeting Morgan le Fay: J. R. R. Tolkien's Theory of Subcreation and the Secondary World of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight." Mythlore 22 (2000): 48-58.
Agøy, Nils Ivar. "Tolkien in Norway." Inklings: Jahrbuch für Literatur und Asthetik 3 (1985): 159-167.
–––. "Quid Hinieldus cum Christo? New Perspectives on Tolkien's Theological Dilemma and His Sub-Creation Theory," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 31-38.
Algeo, John. "The Toponymy of Middle-earth." Names 33 (1985): 80-95.
Allen, Elizabeth M. "Persian Influences in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings," in The Transcendent Adventure: Studies of Religion in Science Fiction/Fantasy ed. Robert Reilly, 189-206. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1985.–––. 1994 "Note on the Text," in The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien. London: HarperCollins, 1994.
–––. 1995 "Note on the Text," in The Hobbit, by J. R. R. Tolkien. London: HarperCollins, 1995.
–––. 1999 "Note on the Text," in The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999.
–––. "Christopher Tolkien: A Bibliography," in Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’, ed. Flieger and Hostetter, 247-54.
–––. 2001 "Note on the Text, " in The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001.
Armstrong, Helen. "Good Guys, Bad Guys, Fantasy and Reality," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 247-52.
Attebery, Brian. "Tolkien, Crowley, and Postmodernism," in The Shape of the Fantastic, ed. Olena H. Saciuk, 21-32. New York: Greenwood, 1990.
–––. Strategies of Fantasy. Indianapolis, Indiana: UP. 1992.
Barbour, Douglas. "J. R. R. Tolkien," in Supernatural Fiction Writers: Fantasy and Horror, 2: A. E. Coppard to Roger Zelazny, ed. Everett Franklin Bleiler, 675-682. New York: Scribner's, 1985.
Barkley, Christine. "Point of View in Tolkien," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 256-62.
–––. "The Realm of Faërie," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 253-55.
Barnfield, Marie. "The Roots of Rivendell, or Elrond’s House, Now Open as a Museum." e Lyfe ant †e Auncestrye 3 (1996): 4-18.
Battarbee, Keith J., ed. Scholarship and Fantasy: Proceedings of the Tolkien Phenomenon, May 1992, Turku, Finland. Anglicana Turkuensia 12, Turku: University of Turku, 1993.
–––. "Speculative Fiction and Ideology," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. idem, 187-192
Beatty, C. J. P. "J. R. R. Tolkien's 'Darkling Thrush.'" The Thomas Hardy Journal 8 (1992):68.
Becker, Alida. A Tolkien Treasury. Philadelphia: Courage Books, 1989.
Bibire, Paul. ‘Saegde se e cu†e: J.R.R. Tolkien as Anglo-Saxonist," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 111-132.
–––. "By Stock or by Stone: Recurrent Imagery and Narrative Pattern in The Hobbit," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 203-216
Bigger, Andreas. "Love Song of the Dark Lord: Some Musings on the Reception of Tolkien in an Indian Context," in Root and Branch, ed. Honegger, 165-179
Blackwelder, Richard E. A Tolkien Thesaurus. New York: Garland, 1990
Boenig, Robert. "Critical and Fictional Pairing in C. S. Lewis," in The Taste of the Pineapple: Essays on C. S. Lewis as Reader, Critic, and Imaginative Writer, ed. Bruce L. Edwards, 138-148. Bowling Green, OH: Popular, 1988.
Bratman, David. "A Corrigenda to The Lord of the Rings." The Tolkien Collector 6 (1994): 17-25.
–––. "J. R. R. Tolkien: An Introduction to his Work." Adventures of Sword and Sorcery 2 (1996): 18-21.
–––. "Top Ten Rejected Plot Twists from The Lord of the Rings: A Textual excursion into the 'History of The Lord of the Rings'." Mythlore 22 (2000): 13-38.
–––. "The Literary Value of The History of Middle-earth," in Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’, ed. Flieger and Hostetter, 69-91.
Brogan, Hugh. "Tolkien's Great War," in Children and Their Books: A Celebration of the Work of Iona and Peter Opie, ed. Gillian A Avery and Julia Briggs, 351-67. Oxford: Clarendon, 1989.
Buchs, Peter and Thomas Honegger, eds. News from the Shire and Beyond-Studies on Tolkien. Zurich and Berne: Walking Tree Publ., 1997.
Burger, Douglas A. "The Uses of the Past in The Lord of the Rings." Kansas Quarterly 16 (1984): 23-28.
–––. "Tolkien's Elvish Craft and Frodo's Mithril Coat," in The Scope of the Fantastic: Theory, Technique, Major s, ed. Robert A. Collins, Howard D. Pearce, and Eric S. Rabin, 255-262. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1985.
–––. "The Shire: A Tolkien Version of Pastoral," in Aspects of Fantasy: Selected Essays from the Second International Conference on the Fantastic in Literature and Film ed. William Coyle, 149-154. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1986.
Burns, Marjorie. "J.R.R. Tolkien, The British and the Norse In Tension." Pacific Coast Philology 25.2 (1990): 49-58.
–––. "Echoes of William Morris's Icelandic Journals in J. R. R. Tolkien." Studies in Medievalism 3 (1991): 367-73.
–––. "Eating, Devouring, Sacrifice and Ultimate Just Desserts," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 108-14.
–––. "Gandalf and Odin," in Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’, ed. Flieger and Hostetter, 219-31.
Calabrese, John A. "Continuity with the Past: Mythic Time in Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings," in The Fantastic in World Literature and the Arts, ed. Donald E. Morse, 31-45. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1987.
–––. "Dynamic Symbolism and the Mythic Resolution of Polar Extremes in The Lord of the Rings," in Spectrum of the Fantastic, ed. Donald Palumbo, 135-40. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1988.
Carnell, Corbin S. "Large Aims and Modest Claims: The Inklings on Art." Csl: the Bulletin of the New York C. S. Lewis Society 18 (1987): 1-2.
Carter, Dorothy. "The Language of Magic: A Look at the French Translation of Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings." Kentucky Philological Review 3 (1988): 7-13.
Chance, Jane. "Tolkien and His Sources," in Approaches to Teaching Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, ed. Miriam Youngerman Miller and Jane Chance, 151-155. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 1986.
–––. The Lord of the Rings: The Mythology of Power. New York: Twayne, 1992.
–––. "Power and Knowledge in Tolkien: The Problem of Difference in 'The Birthday Party'," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 115-20.
––– and David D. Day. "Medievalism in Tolkien: Two Decades of Criticism in Review." Studies in Medievalism 3 (1991):375-87.
Chapman, Vera. "Reminiscences: Oxford in 1920, Meeting Tolkien and Becoming an Author at 77," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight,12-14.
Christopher, Joe R. "The Moral Epiphanies in The Lord of the Rings," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 121-25.
–––. "J. R. R. Tolkien and the Clerihew," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 263-71.
–––. "Tolkien’s Lyric Poetry," in Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’, ed. Flieger and Hostetter, 143-60.
Clark, George. Beowulf. Boston: Twayne, 1990.
–––. "J.R.R. Tolkien and the True Hero," in J.R.R. Tolkien and His Literary Resonances ed. Clark and Timmons, 39-51.
Clark, George and Daniel Patrick Timmons, eds. J.R.R. Tolkien and His Literary Resonances: Views of Middle-earth. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2000.
Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. "Old English Literature and the Work of Giants," Comitatus 24: 1-32.
Colebatch, Hal. Return of the Heroes: The Lord of the Rings, Star Wars and Contemporary Culture. Perth: Australian Institute, 1990.
Collins, David R. J.R.R. Tolkien: Master of Fantasy. Minneapolis: Lerner, 1992.
Coombs, Jenny Marc Read. "A Physics of Middle-earth," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 323-29.
Cornwell, Neil. The Literary Fantastic: From Gothic to Postmodernism. Hervel Hempstead: Harvester, 1990.
Coulombe, Charles A. "Hermetic Imagination: The Effect of The Golden Dawn on Fantasy Literature," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 345-355.
Cox, John. "Tolkien's Platonic Fantasy." Seven 5 (1984): 53-69.
Crabbe, Katharyn W. J.R.R. Tolkien. 1981, new ed. New York: Continuum 1988.
Critchett, David. "One Ring to Fool Them All, One Ring to Blind Them: The Propaganda of The Lord of the Rings." Extrapolation 38 (1997): 36-56.
Crossley, Robert. "A Long Day's Dying: The Elves of J. R. R. Tolkien and Sylvia Townsend Warner," in Death and the Serpent: Immortality in Science Fiction and Fantasy, ed. Carl B.Yoke and Donald M. Hassler, 57-70. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1985.
Crowe, Edith L. "Integration in Earthsea and Middle-earth." San Jose Studies. 14 (1988): 63-80.
–––. "Power in Arda: Sources, Uses and Misuses," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 272-77.
Curry, Patrick. "'Less Noise and More Green': Tolkien's Ideology for England," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 126-38.
–––. Defending Middle-earth: Tolkien, Myth, and Modernity. New York: St. Martin's, 1997.
–––. "Why Tolkien is for the Real Grownups." New Statesman 31 Jan 1997: 47.
–––. "Tolkien and His Critics: A Critique," in Root and Branch, ed. Honegger, 81-148.
Day, David. Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopedia. London: Mitchell Beazley, 1991.
–––. The Tolkien Companion. London: Mandarin, 1993.
–––. Tolkien's Ring. London: HarperCollins, 1994.
de Anna, Luigi. "The Magic of Words: J. R. R. Tolkien and Finland," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 7-19.
de Armas, Frederick A. "Gyges' Ring: Invisibility in Plato, Tolkien and Lope de Vega." Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts 3 (1994): 120-38.
de Koster, Katie, ed. Readings on J.R.R. Tolkien. San Diego: Greenhaven, 2000.
Docherty, John. "The Love-Gift of a Fairy Tale." Jabberwocky 19 (1990): 10-12.
Dodds, David Llewellyn. "Technology and Sub-creation: Tolkien’s Alternative to the Dominant Worldview," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 165-186.
––– and Irene Oberdorfer. "Magic in the Myths of J. R. R. Tolkien and Charles Williams." Inklings: Jahrbuch für Literatur und Asthetik 10 (1992): 37-60.
Donaldson, Mara E. "Baptizing the Imagination: The Fantastic as the Subversion of Fundamentalism." Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts 8 (1997): 185-97.
Doughan, David. "In Search of the Bounce: Tolkien Seen Through Smith," in Leaves from the Tree, ed. Shippey, et al, 17-22.
–––. "Tolkien, Sayers, Sex and Gender," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 356-59.
Doyle, H. M. "The Engineers from Hell." Australian Folklore 10 (1995): 156-59.
Duriez, Colin. The Tolkien and Middle-earth Handbook. Eastbourne: Monarch, 1992.
–––. "Sub-creation and Tolkien’s Theology of Story," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 133-150.
–––. "Sub-creation and Tolkien’s Theology of Story," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 133-50.
–––. "Tolkien and the Other Inklings," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 360-63.
Edmonds, E. L. "Echoes in Age from the World of J. R. R. Tolkien." Seven 9 (1988): 67-82.
Egan, Thomas M. "The Silmarillion and the Rise of Evil: The Birth Pains of Middle-earth." Seven 6 (1985): 79-85.
Elgin, Don D. The Comedy of the Fantastic: Ecological Perspectives on the Fantasy Novel. Westport CT: Greenwood, 1985.
Ellison, John A. "The ‘Why’ and the ‘How’: Reflections on ‘Leaf by Niggle’,’’ in Leaves from the Tree, ed. Shippey, et al., 23-32.
–––. "Baggins Remembered," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 394-395.
Esmonde, Margaret P. "Beyond the Circles of the World: Death and the Hereafter in Children's Literature," in Webs and Wardrobes: Humanist and Religious World Views in Children's Literature. ed. Joseph O'Beirne Milner and Lucy Floyd Morcock Milner, 33-45. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1987.
Evans, Jonathan. "Medieval Dragon-Lore in Middle-earth." Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts 9 (1998): 175-91.
–––. "The Dragon-Lore of Middle-earth: Tolkien and Old English and Old Norse Tradition," in J. R. R. Tolkien and His Literary Resonances, ed. Clark and Timmons, 21-38.
Filmer, Kath. Scepticism and Hope in Twentieth Century Fantasy Literature. Bowling Green: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1992.
Flieger, Verlyn. "Naming the Unnameable: The Neoplatonic 'One' in Tolkien's Silmarillion," in Diakonia: Studies in Honor of Robert T. Meyer, ed. Thomas Halton and Joseph P. Williman, 127-132. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1986.
–––. "The Green Man, the Green Knight, and Treebeard: Scholarship and Invention in Tolkien’s Fiction," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 85-98.
–––. "Tolkien's Experiment with Time: The Lost Road, The Notion Club Papers and J. W. Dunne," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 39-44.
–––. "Pitfalls in Faërie," in Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology, ed. Jonathan Young, 175-71. Oregon: White Cloud Press, 1996.
–––. A Question of Time: J. R. R. Tolkien's Road to Faërie. Kent State UP. Kent, OH, 1997
–––. "Fantasy and Reality: J. R. R. Tolkien's World and the Fairy-Story Essay." Mythlore 22 (1999): 4-13.
––– .‘"The Footsteps of Ælfwine," in Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’, ed. Flieger and Hostetter, 183-98.
–––. "Taking the Part of Trees: Eco-Conflict in Middle-earth," in J.R.R. Tolkien and His Literary Resonances, ed. Clark and Timmons, 147-58.
–––. "J. R. R. Tolkien and the Matter of Britain." Mythlore 23 (2000): 47-59.
––– and Raimund Kern. "Time and Dream in The Lost Road and The Lord of the Rings."Inklings: Jahrbuch für Literatur und Asthetik 10 (1992): 111-33.
Flieger, Verlyn and Carl F. Hostetter, eds. Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’: Essays on the History of Middle-earth. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2000.
Fonstad, Karen Wynn. The Atlas of Middle-earth. rev. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1991.
Funk, David A. "Explorations into the Psyche of Dwarves," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 330-33.
Gilliver, Peter M. "At the Wordface: J. R. R. Tolkien's Work on the Oxford English Dictionary," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 173-86.
Gilson, Christopher. "Gnomish is Sindarin: The Conceptual Evolution of an Elvish Language," in Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’, ed. Flieger and Hostetter, 95-104.
––– and Patrick Wynne. "The Growth of Grammar in the Elven Tongues," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 187-94.
Glover, David. "Utopia and Fantasy in the Late 1960's: Burroughs, Moorcock, Tolkien," in Popular Fiction and Social Change, ed. Christopher Pawling, 185-211. New York: St Martin's, 1984.
Goedhals, J. B. "From Bloemfontein to Bag End: A Tribute to J. R. R. Tolkien." Unisa English Studies 30 (1992): 33-34.
GoodKnight, Glen H. "Tolkien Centenary Banquet Address," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 15-16.
Gough, John. "Tolkien's Creation Myth in The Silmarillion: Northern or Not?" Children's Literature in Education 30 (1999): 1-8.
Gray, Rosemary, ed. A Tribute to J.R.R. Tolkien. Praetoria: Unisa, 1992.
Green, William. The Hobbit: A Journey into Maturity. New York: Twayne, 1994.
–––. "’Where's Mama?' The Construction of the Feminine in The Hobbit." The Lion & the Unicorn 22(1998): 188-95.
Greene, Deirdre. "Higher Argument: Tolkien and the Tradition of Vision, Epic and Prophecy," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 45-52.
–––. "Tolkien's Dictionary Poetics: The Influence of the OED's Defining Style on Tolkien's Fiction," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 195-99.
Griffin, Roger. "Revolts against the Modern World: The Blend of Literary and Historical Fantasy in the Italian New Right." Literature & History-Third Series 11(1985): 101-123.
Grigorieva, Natalia. "Problems of Translating into Russian," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 200-05.
Grushetskiy, Vladimir. "How Russians See Tolkien," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 221-25.
Hammond, Wayne G. with Douglas A. Anderson. J. R. R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography. Winchester: St Paul’s Bibliographies, 1993.
Hammond, Wayne G. "Addenda and Corrigenda to J. R. R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography." The Tolkien Collector 2 (1993): 26-27.
–––. "Addenda and Corrigenda to J. R. R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography." The Tolkien Collector 3 (1993): 13-15.
–––. "Addenda and Corrigenda to J. R. R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography." The Tolkien Collector 4 (1993): 14-16.
–––. "Addenda and Corrigenda to J. R. R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography." The Tolkien Collector 5 (1993): 26-27.
–––. "The Critical Response to Tolkien's Fiction," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 226-32.
–––. ‘‘A Continuing and Evolving Creation’: Distractions in the Later ‘History of Middle-earth’," in Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium,’ ed. Flieger and Hostetter, 19-29.
––– and Christina Scull. J.R.R. Tolkien, Artist and Illustrator. London: HarperCollins, 1995.
––– and Christina Scull. "The History of Middle-earth." Seven 12 (1995): 105-110.
––– and Christina Scull. "J. R. R. Tolkien: The Achievement of His Literary Life." Mythlore 22 (1999): 27-37.
Harvey, David. The Song of Middle-earth: J.R.R. Tolkien’s Themes, Symbols and Myth. London: Unwin, 1985.
Heinemann, Fredrik. "Tolkien and Old Icelandic Literature," in Scholarship and Fantasy, ed. Battarbee, 99-110.
Himes, Jonathan. "What J. R. R. Tolkien Really Did with the Sampo?" Mythlore 22 (2000): 69-85.
Hodge, James L. "The Heroic Profile of Bilbo Baggins." Florilegium 8 (1986): 212-221.
–––. "Tolkien's Mythological Calendar in The Hobbit," in Aspects of Fantasy: Selected Essays from the Second International Conference on the Fantastic in Literature and Film, ed. William Coyle, 141-148. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1986.
–––. "Mid-Century Perceptions of the Ancient Celtic Peoples of ‘England’’ Seven 9 (1988): 57-65.
Hollander, Joel A. "’The Fairies' Christmas': Elements of the Fantastic in Irish Political Cartoons of the Home Rule Movement." Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts 8 (1997): 42-54.
Honegger, Thomas. "From Bag End to Lórien: the Creation of a Literary World," in News from the Shire and Beyond, ed. Buchs and Honegger, 48-67.
–––, ed. Root and Branch-Approaches Towards Understanding Tolkien. Zurich and Berne: Walking Tree, 1999.
–––. "The Man in the Moon: Structural Depth in Tolkien," in Root and Branch, ed. Honegger, 9-76.
–––. "The Monster, the Critics, and the Public: Literary Criticism after the Poll," in Root and Branch, ed. Honegger, 1-5.
–––. "Éowyn, Aragorn and the Hidden Dangers of Drink." Inklings- Jahrbuch fur Literatur und Asthetik 17 (1999): 217-224.
Hood, Gwyneth E. "Sauron as Gorgon and Basilisk." Seven 8 (1987): 59-71.
–––. "The Earthly Paradise in Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 139-44.
Hopkins, Chris. "Tolkien and Englishness," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 278-80.
Hopkins, Lisa. "Bilbo Baggins as a Burglar." Inklings: Jahrbuch für Literatur und Asthetik 10 (1992): 93-101.
–––. "Female Authority Figures in the Works of Tolkien, C. S. Lewis and Charles Williams," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 364-66.
Hostetter, Carl F. and Arden R. Smith. "A Mythology for England," in Proceedings of the J. R. R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, ed. Reynolds and GoodKnight, 281-90.
Hume, Kathryn. Fantasy and Mimesis: Responses to Reality in Western Literature. New York: Methuen, 1984.
Huttar, Charles A. "Tolkien, Epic Traditions, and Golden Age Myths," in Twentieth-Century Fantasists: Essays on Culture, Society and Belief in Twentieth-Century Mythopoeic Literature, ed. Kath Filmer and David Jasper, 92-107. New York: St. Martin's, 1992.
Indick, Ben P. "Stephen King as an Epic Writer," in Discovering Modern Horror Fiction, ed. Darrell Schweitzer, 1: 56-67. Mercer Island, WA: Starmont, 1985.
Jackson, Rosemary. Fantasy: The Literature of Subversion. New York: Routledge, 1981 repr. 1988.
Johannesson, Nils-Lennart. "The Speech of the Individual and of the Community in The Lord of the Rings,"in News from the Shire and Beyond, ed. Buchs and Honegger, 12-47.
Johnson, Judith A. J.R.R. Tolkien: Six Decades of Criticism. Bibliographies and Indexes in World Literature 6. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1986.
Jones, Gwyneth. "C. S. Lewis and Tolkien: Writers for Children?" New York Review of Science Fiction 8 (1995): 8-12.
Jonsson, A. Tolkien Bibliography 1911-1980: Writings by and about J.R.R. Tolkien. Tredje Upplagen, 1986.
Keefer, Sarah Larratt. "'Work-Writing' to Create the Fictional Portrait: Tolkien's Inclusion of Lewis in The Lord of the Rings." English Studies in Canada 18(1992): 181-98.
Kline, Barbara. "Duality, Reality and Magic in ’Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’," in Functions of the Fantastic: Selected Essays from the 13th International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts. ed. Joe Sanders, 107-114. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1995.
Knight, Gareth. The Magical World of the Inklings: J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, Owen Barfield. Longmead: Element Books, 1990.
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–––. "The Structure of The Hobbit." Mallorn 27 (1990): 29-32.
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–––. "Gandalf, Frodo, and Sherlock Holmes: Myth and Reality Compared in the Works of Tolkien and Conan Doyle." Mallorn 34 (1996): 25-32.
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–––. "Images of Evil in Tolkien’s World"Mallorn 38 (2000): 21-29.
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Farrell, Eleanor M. ‘‘’And Clove the Wind from Unseen Shores’: The Sea Voyage Motif in Imaginative Literature." Mythlore 12 (1986): 43-47, 60.
Fenwick, Mac. "Breastplates of Silk: Homeric Women in The Lord of the Rings." Mythlore 21 (1996): 17-23, 50.
Filmer, Kath. "An Allegory Unveiled: A Reading of The Lord of the Rings." Mythlore 13 (1987) 19-21
Finseth, Claudia Riiff. "Tolkien's Trees." Mallorn 35 (1997): 37-44.
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–––. "A Question of Time." Mythlore 16 (1990): 5-8.
–––. "The Language of Myth’ Mythlore 21 (1996): 4-6.
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Garnett, Irene. "From Genesis to Revelation in Middle-earth." Mallorn 22 (1985): 39.
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Graff, Eric S. "The Three Faces of Faërie in Tolkien's Shorter Fiction: Niggle, Smith and Giles." Mythlore 18 (1992): 15-19.
Grede, Coralee, "Bashing Joseph Campbell: Is He Now the Hero of a Thousand Spaces?" Mythlore 18 (1991): 50-52.
Greenman, David. "Aeneidic and Odyssean Patterns of Escape and Return in Tolkien's 'The Fall of Gondolin' and The Return of the King." Mythlore 18 (1992): 4-9.
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–––. "Who Is the Master of the 'Precious'?" Mythlore 11 (1985): 34-35.
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–––. "Books, Literature and Literacy in Middle-earth." Mallorn 26 (1989): 35-38.
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–––. "Augustine and the Ainulindalë." Mythlore 21 (1995): 4-8.
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–––. "Mythos: The Daughter of Mountains, the Mother of Pearls." Mythlore 16 (1989): 27-33.
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–––. "Ilúvatar and the Secret Fire." Mythlore 12 (1985): 36-37.
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–––. "The Economy and Economic History of Gondor." Mallorn 31 (1994): 37-44.
–––. "Notes toward a History of the Easterlings." Mallorn 32 (1995): 28-35.
–––. "A Pre-History of Hobbits." Mallorn 36 (1998): 25-27.
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–––. "Sordid Suburbia." Mallorn 28 (1991): 15-18.
–––. "Sauron's Darkness." Mallorn 29 (1992): 17-20.
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